maharashtra rivers and dams

Posted on November 7, 2022 by

The Krishna forms a large delta with a shoreline of about 120 km. Only in 1844, when a new Governor-General, Lord Hardinge, was appointed, did official enthusiasm and funds return to the Ganges canal project. In aggregate, dammed rivers have also impacted processes in the broader biosphere. Contemplated first by Col. John Russell Colvin in 1836, it did not at first elicit much enthusiasm from its eventual architect Sir Proby Thomas Cautley, who balked at the idea of cutting a canal through extensive low-lying land to reach the drier upland destination. Earlier, it was a part of Chandrapur District and only two places namely Gadchiroli and Sironcha were tahsils of Chandrapur District before the formation of Gadchiroli District. (3) River wise annual average total volume of Water let off into sea, Regards, About 84% of the total rainfall occurs in the monsoon from June to September. Gadchiroli district was carved out on the 26th of August 1982 by the division of erstwhile Chandrapur district. [77] She is also a mother to other gods. Medha Patkar was born as Medha Khanolkar on 1 December 1954 in Mumbai, Maharashtra, the daughter of Vasant Khanolkar, a freedom fighter, and labour union leader, and his wife Indumati Khanolkar, a gazetted officer in the Post and Telegraphs Department. [121] The most diverse orders are Cypriniformes (barbs and allies), Siluriformes (catfish) and Perciformes (perciform fish), each comprising about 50%, 23% and 14% of the total fish species in the drainage. Then the 1,156km (718mi) long Ghaghara River (Karnali River), also flowing south from the Himalayas of Tibet through Nepal joins. A number of developments this week once again show how unviable large hydropower projects are facing rejection in a number of states. Kumbh Mela is the most sacred of all the pilgrimages. [147] As of 6April2017[update], the ruling has been commented on in Indian newspapers to be hard to enforce,[148] that experts do not anticipate immediate benefits,[148] that the ruling is "hardly game changing",[149] that experts believe "any follow-up action is unlikely",[150] and that the "judgment is deficient to the extent it acted without hearing others (in states outside Uttarakhand) who have stakes in the matter. Nila has groomed the culture and life of The overall discharge of rivers in India or passing/originating in India : List of rivers of India by discharge. Course. 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The headwaters of the Apurmac River on Nevado Mismi had been considered for nearly a century as the Amazon Jog Falls is a waterfall on the Sharavati river located in the Western Ghats running between Uttara Kannada and Shimoga districts of Karnataka, India. The Ganga Action Plan, which was taken on priority and with much enthusiasm, was delayed for two years. (Feature Image:- Odisha: 10 stranded in flash flood after sudden release of water from Gohira dam. Cement and some small engineering industries also exist in the basin. Taking a dip in rivers, more so on auspicious occasions such as the Kumbh Mela is very important. [23] The judgment of 2012 directed Hirandani to build 3,144 houses for the low-income groups before any other construction at Hiranandani gardens which is yet to happen. must-have It is the third highest plunge waterfall in India. he advantages of constructing dams across rivers are: a) They can store excess water, thereby preventing floods. Dams, particularly the giant ones, may cause a lot of problems for the surrounding areas, especially the zone behind the dam where the water flows toward the blockage. BOOK: Venkatesh Dutta (ed.) [71] If the death has occurred elsewhere, salvation can be achieved by immersing the ashes in the Ganges. Bharathappuzha ("River of Bhrata"), also known as the Nila or Ponnani River, or Kuttippuram River, is a river in India in the state of Kerala.With a length of 209 km, it is the second longest river that flows through Kerala after the Periyar. The economy of the state of Maharashtra is the largest in India. [7] She has one brother, Mahesh Khanolkar, an architect. Within the Himalaya, the Ganges basin spreads almost 1,200km from the Yamuna-Satluj divide along the Simla ridge forming the boundary with the Indus basin in the west to the Singalila Ridge along the Nepal-Sikkim border forming the boundary with the Brahmaputra basin in the east. Dams might induce earthquakes and the collapse of the huge structure suddenly leads to flash floods and causes huge economic loss. snails, algae, predatory fish) that further undermine the river's natural communities of plants and animals. Seers of various mutts who participated in the event offered puja to the river, to underscore the sacred space that water held in Indian culture, Thousands of devotees thronged the Triveni Sangama in Mandya on Sunday for the concluding events of the three-day Kumbh Mela, Devotees take a dip in the waters of the sangama, where Cauvery, Lakhsmana Teertha and Hemavathi meet, Copyright 2022 Bennett, Coleman & Co. Ltd. All rights reserved. [135] According to official standards, water safe for bathing should not contain more than 500 fecal coliforms per 100 ml, yet upstream of Varanasi's ghats the river water already contains 120 times as much, 60,000 fecal coliform bacteria per 100 ml. [64] The Ganges is invoked whenever water is used in Hindu ritual and is therefore present in all sacred waters. Demolition took place on 2 and 3 April 2013 in the Golibar area, Mumbai, Maharashtra evicting 43 houses and displacing more than 200 people. A [99] Dams and canals were common in the Gangetic plain by the 4th century BCE. ", "By Making Ganga, Yamuna Living Entities, Did High Court Unwittingly Open The Door For River Pollution Victims To Sue For Damages? Following the iconographic prescription, she stands gracefully on her composite makara mount and holds a water pot. Only the Narmada, the Tapti, and the Mahi rivers run from east to west. [121] Some of the fish commonly caught in fisheries include catla (Catla catla), golden mahseer (Tor putitora), tor mahseer (Tor tor), rohu (Labeo rohita), walking catfish (Clarias batrachus), pangas catfish (Pangasius pangasius), goonch catfish (Bagarius), snakeheads (Channa), bronze featherback (Notopterus notopterus) and milkfish (Chanos chanos). At least one person was killed and five are feared trapped, according to officials. [78] As such, her worship does not require the usual rites of invocation (avahana) at the beginning and dismissal (visarjana) at the end, required in the worship of other gods. In the Ganges Delta, many large rivers come together, both merging and bifurcating in a complicated network of channels. "[65], In late May or early June every year, Hindus celebrate the karunasiri and the rise of the Ganges from earth to heaven. fine on sugar mills", "Megacities as Sources for Pathogenic Bacteria in Rivers and Their Fate Downstream", "River Rehabilitation for Conservation of Fish Biodiversity in Monsoonal Asia", "Engaging Religion in the Quest for a Sustainable World", "Integrated Ganges Basin Management: conflicts and hope for regional development", "Periphytonic diversity in Bhagirathi:Preimpoundment study of Tehri dam reservoir", Ganga in the Imperial Gazetteer of India, 1909, The impacts of water infrastructure and climate change on the hydrology of the Upper Ganga River Basin, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ganges&oldid=1119889143, Pages containing links to subscription-only content, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2017, Short description is different from Wikidata, All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English, Articles with unsourced statements from July 2012, Articles containing potentially dated statements from April 2017, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna (Basin size 1,999,000km, This page was last edited on 3 November 2022, at 23:44. [101], Megasthenes, a Greek ethnographer who visited India during the 3rd century BCE when Mauryans ruled India described the existence of canals in the Gangetic plain. [19] The Sundarbands freshwater swamp ecoregion, however, is nearly extinct. [116] As recently as the 16th and 17th centuries the upper Gangetic Plain harboured impressive populations of wild Asian elephants (Elephas maximus), Bengal tigers (Panthera t. tigris), Indian rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis), gaurs (Bos gaurus), barasinghas (Rucervus duvaucelii), sloth bears (Melursus ursinus) and Indian lions (Panthera leo leo). (Feature Image: River Rapti flowing in severe flood situation at Balrampur level forecast site in Balrampur district, Uttar Pradesh on Oct. 07, 2022. The Tibetan Plateau contains the world's third-largest store of ice. The Tungabhadra River has a catchment area of 71,417 km 2 (27,574 sq mi) and a length of 531 km (330 mi). This happens to be an ethical concern. 5 crores to Sugar Mill also, a fine of 25 Lakhs to Gopaljee Dairy for discharging untreated effluents into the Simbhaoli drain. Worshipped even today, the full pot is emblematic of the formless Brahman, as well as of woman, of the womb, and of birth. It is also the largest flowing river in the state of Madhya Pradesh.This river flows through the states of Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat in India. In fact, if at all, the movement is hugely in opposite direction, with increasing destruction of Urban Rivers. [79], It is Shiva's relationship with Ganga, that is the best-known in Ganges mythology. [53] The Himalayan portion of the basin includes the south-eastern portion of the state of Himachal Pradesh, the entire state of Uttarakhand, the entire country of Nepal and the extreme north-western portion of the state of West Bengal. She explained that "the politicians are interested in the prime plots of land, old equipment, and machinery," of sugar co-operatives and accused the state government of selling assets of the industry at throw-away rates. The continuing customs of burning dead bodies, throwing carcasses, washing of dirty clothes by washermen, and immersion of idols and cattle wallowing were not checked. [68], As the Ganges had descended from heaven to earth, she is also considered the vehicle of ascent, from earth to heaven. When a watercourse is devoid of water then its sediment load increases, it tends to recollect it by eroding the downstream river bed and banks (which can undermine bridges and alternative bank structures, as well as riverside woodlands). Fish ladders have been built at some dams to help fish migrate, but some are not able to use the ladder properly, especially if they are used to fast-moving water. Watrak, Hathmati and Sei rivers. [75] Regardless of all scientific understanding of its waters, the Ganges is always ritually and symbolically pure in Hindu culture. [81], The Ganges is the distilled lifeblood of the Hindu tradition, of its divinities, holy books, and enlightenment. [78] Her divinity is immediate and everlasting.[78]. Narmada Bachao Andolan and Ghar Bachao Ghar Banao Andolan, founded by Medha Patkar with others are allies of NAPM. The Amazon River (UK: / m z n /, US: / m z n /; Spanish: Ro Amazonas, Portuguese: Rio Amazonas) in South America is the largest river by discharge volume of water in the world, and the disputed longest river system in the world in comparison to the Nile.. [citation needed] This area includes the coastal districts of Andhra Pradesh on the Circar Coast between the Eastern Ghats and the Bay of Bengal, from the northern border with Odisha to Tirupati district in the South.Coastal Andhra has rich agricultural land, The plant life may get submerged and die. 70billion, approximately US$1.5billion) is needed to clean up the river. The main rivers of Maharashtra are River Godavari, River Krishna and the River Tapi. It occupies 31.6% of the total area and holds 21.3% of the total population of Maharashtra. In Kinnaur (Himachal Pradesh) the local youth are demanding that the candidates in the state assembly elections to be held in November 2022 promise to work against the hydropower projects in the district. It is one of the most urbanised of Indian States. The project was a vision of the first deputy Prime Minister of India Sardar Nila has groomed the culture and life of [30] The combined Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna basin (abbreviated GBM or GMB) drainage basin is spread across Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, and China. This is usually difficult to try and do and depends on the accuracy of hydraulic modeling studies and alternatively advanced analytics. Its upper course lies in the saucer-shaped basin called the. Negative Impact on Aquatic Animals: There are many negative effects on aquatic life. Pandharpur (Pronunciation: [ppu]) is a well known pilgrimage town, on the banks of Candrabhag River, near Solapur city in Solapur District, Maharashtra, India.Its administrative area is one of eleven tehsils in the District, and it is an electoral constituency of the state legislative assembly (vidhan sabha). Although the intervening impasse had seemingly affected Cautley's health and required him to return to Britain in 1845 for recuperation, his European sojourn gave him an opportunity to study contemporary hydraulic works in the United Kingdom and Italy. [99], The first British canal in India (which did not have Indian antecedents) was the Ganges Canal built between 1842 and 1854. Uttar Pradesh: Fatehgarh, Bijnor, Kannauj, Bithoor, Kasganj, Kanpur, Allahabad, Mirzapur, Varanasi, Ghazipur, Ballia, Farrukhabad, Narora. The large reservoir at China's 3 Gorges Dam has worn near the boundary, which has led to landslides along the side of the reservoir. [110] Ganges floodwaters along with Brahmaputra waters can be supplied to most of its right side basin area along with central and south India by constructing a coastal reservoir to store water on the Bay of Bengal sea area. The economy of the state of Maharashtra is the largest in India. This is a list of rivers of India, starting in the west and moving along the Indian coast southward, then northward.Tributary rivers are listed hierarchically in upstream order: the lower in the list, the more upstream. (Feature Image:- Locals gather near the debris of the building which collapsed at Kachi Ghati in Shimla. [62] On the journey back home from the Ganges, they carry small quantities of river water with them for use in rituals; Ganga Jal, literally "the water of the Ganges". There are early seral forest communities that would eventually become dominated by the climax species sal (Shorea robusta) if forest succession was allowed to proceed. Large dams have junction rectifiers to the extinction of the many fish and alternative aquatic species, huge losses of forest, the disappearance of birds in floodplains, erosion of deltas, wetland, and farmland, and many other irreversible impacts. Indravati River is a tributary of the Godavari River, in central India.. In J&K, the landslides killing 4 people at the under construction Ratel Hydropower project in Kishtwar district on Chenab River has again rung a warning as to what is in store for future if proper appraisal studies are not done. Enter your email address to subscribe to this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email. The building of the Dyke in Egypt has altered the amount of formation. [19][20] The headwaters of the Alakananda are formed by snow melt from peaks such as Nanda Devi, Trisul, and Kamet. On the other hand, buttress dams are built to transfer the water to the buttress. Krishna Raja Sagara, also popularly known as KRS, is a lake and the dam that creates it. Aurangabad District lies on the Deccan plateau and is covered by the Deccan Traps, which The building of the Dyke in Egypt has altered the amount of formation. About 46% of these are in the family Cyprinidae, followed by Schilbeidae (about 11.4%) and Bagridae (about 9%). Although modern planning and design of dams have been less prone to the devastating results, in the past old dams have been known to be ruptured. Book a free counselling session. Impact on the Groundwater Table: Riverbed deepening will also lower groundwater tables along a river, lowering the water table accessible to plant roots (and to human communities drawing water from wells). [67] There, the divine waters break up, with one stream, the Bhagirathi, flowing down one petal into Bharatvarsha (India) as the Ganges. [69] Among all hymns devoted to the Ganges, there are none more popular than the ones expressing the worshipper's wish to breathe his last surrounded by her waters. [3] In addition to the above, Patkar was a commissioner on the World Commission on Dams, which did thorough research on the environmental, social, political and economic aspects and impacts of the development of large dams globally and their alternatives. They are the major source on which we can fall back in case of flood or drought. Vikrant Tongad, an Environmental specialist from SAFE Green filed a petition against Simbhaoli Sugar Mill (Hapur UP) to NGT. According to Deputy Director-General of NCRP A. Nandkumar, the incidence of cancer was highest in the country in areas drained by the Ganges and stated that the problem would be studied deeply and with the findings presented in a report to the health ministry. The Tungabhadra River has a catchment area of 71,417 km 2 (27,574 sq mi) and a length of 531 km (330 mi). NGRBA was established by the Central Government of India, on 20 February 2009 under Section 3 of the Environment Protection Act, 1986. [76] "I come to you as a child to his mother", begins the Ganga Lahiri. The Krishna Basin extends over Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra and Karnataka having a total area of ~2.6 lakh Sq.km. Once the payment is made, you need to log in to the Downloads Page to download the files (check your email for the login details). [15] The Ganges is the most sacred river to Hindus. The Wainganga is a river in India originating in the Mahadeo Hills in Mundara near the village Gopalganj in Seoni, Madhya Pradesh.It is a key tributary of the Godavari.The river flows south in a winding course through the states of Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra, roughly 580 km (360 mi).After joining the Wardha River, the united stream, which is known as the Pranahita River, Course. It would have been more useful if the following information is also included Ganga and Sarasvati, however, are so distraught at this dispensation, and wail so loudly, that Vishnu is forced to take back his words. PMF IAS Physical Geography is a one of its kind! It flows through Palakkad Gap, which is also the largest opening in the Kerala portion of Western Ghats. "Ganga is now a deadly source of cancer, study says". Early and personal life. Telangana (/ t l n n / (); Telugu: [telaaa], Urdu: [tlna]) is a state in India situated on the south-central stretch of the Indian peninsula on the high Deccan Plateau. Regional cooperation on transboundary rivers is much needed to protect the environment surrounding the dams. [116], A similar situation is found in the lower Gangetic Plain, which includes the lower Brahmaputra River. Impact on the Waterbody: The beneficial sediment that normally is washed down the river is blocked, which decreases the fertility of the soil downriver from the dam. Most reservoirs, particularly those within the tropical zones, contribute tons to gas emissions (a recent study pegged world gas emissions from reservoirs on par with the aviation trade, about 4% of human-caused GHG emissions). This excess water can be used for irrigation purposes and improve crop production with artificial irrigation. The Sardar Sarovar Dam is a concrete gravity dam built on the Narmada river in Navagam near the town of Kevadiya, Narmada District, in the state of Gujarat, India.The dam was constructed to provide water and electricity to four Indian states; Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, and Rajasthan. Gadchirolidistrict was carved out on the 26th of August 1982 by the division of erstwhile Chandrapur district. The plant life may get submerged and die. Who stopped this area to get the water over a decade after the water started flowing from the dam is a question, Gujarat rulers refuse to answer. Typical genera approaching this altitude are Schizothorax, Tor, Barilius, Nemacheilus and Glyptothorax. The headwaters of the Apurmac River on Nevado Mismi had been considered for nearly a century as the Amazon Under the banner of NAPM, she has participated in and supported various mass struggles across India against inequity, non-sustainability, displacement, and injustice in the name of development. Geography. The Kosi is the third largest tributary of the Ganges by discharge, after Ghaghara (Karnali) and Yamuna. Before the late 12th century the Bhagirathi-Hooghly distributary was the main channel of the Ganges and the Padma was only a minor spill-channel. Current Affairs of 2021 & earlier are available for free on PMF IAS Google Drive Folder.Once the payment is made, you need to log in to the Downloads Page to download the files (check your email for the login details). They are built on narrow valleys and transfer the entire water loads downward. At Bhagalpur, the river begins to flow south-southeast and at Farakka, it begins its attrition with the branching away of its first distributary, the 408km (254mi) long Bhgirathi-Hooghly, which goes on to become the Hooghly River. [24], Patkar expressed strong opposition to the land acquisition in Kovvada of Ranasthalam Mandal in Srikakulam district, Andhra Pradesh saying that the nuclear plant would be a disaster for ecology as well as people of the region. It was assumed that during the worst dry season the Ganges flow would be around 1,400 to 1,600m3/s (49,000 to 57,000cuft/s), thus leaving 280 to 420m3/s (9,900 to 14,800cuft/s) for the then East Pakistan. Impact on the Overall Aquatic Ecosystem: Another significant and obvious impact is the transformation upstream of the dam from a free-flowing river ecosystem to an artificial slack-water reservoir habitat. Building dams need huge amounts of money and resources, this might strain the governments budget if the economy of the country is really small. In the upper section (roughly equalling the basin parts in Uttarakhand) more than 50 species have been recorded and Cyprinidae alone accounts for almost 80% those, followed by Balitoridae (about 15.6%) and Sisoridae (about 12.2%). Water is a colourless and odourless substance that is essential for the survival of living beings. India's largest stock exchange Bombay Stock Exchange, They transfer the entire water downwards. The analysis of such HFL breaches in 2018[ii], 2019[iii] and 2020[iv], May-Sept 2021[v], Oct.-Nov 2021[vi] can be seen on our website. [32] The subcontinent's subsequent collision with the Eurasian Plate and subduction under it, gave rise to the Himalayas, the planet's highest mountain ranges. The Narmada River, also called the Reva and previously also known as Narbada or anglicised as Nerbudda, is the 5th longest river and overall longest west-flowing river in India. (Diodorus II.37). [19] There are no endemic birds in the upper Gangetic Plain. Erosion of Encompassing Soil: With the development of the many dams, erosion of the surrounding land has been noticed. [76] Moving water, as in a river, is considered purifying in Hindu culture because it is thought to both absorb impurities and take them away. It is the third highest plunge waterfall in India. [97], The Ganges and its all tributaries, especially the Yamuna, have been used for irrigation since ancient times. Dams also act as a tourist spot, for example, Nagarjuna Sagar dam in Andhra Pradesh is one of the major tourist destinations. [81] In the Mahabharata, she is the wife of Shantanu, and the mother of heroic warrior-patriarch, Bhishma. [105] There is Lav Khush Barrage across the River Ganges in Kanpur. [92] A relief similar to the depiction in frame 4 above, is described in Pal 1997, p.43 as follows: A typical relief of about the ninth century that once stood at the entrance of a temple, the river goddess Ganga is shown as a voluptuously endowed lady with a retinue. [154], To cope with its chronic water shortages, India employs electric groundwater pumps, diesel-powered tankers, and coal-fed power plants. Source: TNIE ). Moreover, the heavy method used in the construction should be through with absolute exactness and precision. The Western Ghats or the Western Mountain range is a mountain range that covers an area of 160,000 km 2 (62,000 sq mi) in a stretch of 1,600 km (990 mi) parallel to the western coast of the Indian peninsula, traversing the states of Gujarat, Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu. Very nice really useful for MPSC UPSC students.. At their confluence the Yamuna is larger than the Ganges contributing about 58.5% of the combined flow,[24] with an average flow of 2,948m3/s (104,100cuft/s).[23]. Auckland's successor as Governor-General, Lord Ellenborough, appeared less receptive to large-scale public works, and for the duration of his tenure, withheld major funds for the project. Dams help us store the excess water from rainfall and rivers. In addition, this SANDRP DRP update also carries articles on Dravyawati River of Jaipur, Godavari river in Nasik and a report on Mandakini river in Badrinath. Now this river, which at its source is 30stadia broad, flows from north to south, and empties its waters into the ocean forming the eastern boundary of the Gangaridai, a nation which possesses a vast force of the largest-sized elephants." Much expenditure was done on political propaganda. A major barrage at Farakka was opened on 21 April 1975,[105] It is located close to the point where the main flow of the river enters Bangladesh, and the tributary Hooghly (also known as Bhagirathi) continues in West Bengal past Often in such reliefs, the makara's tail is extended with great flourish into a scrolling design symbolizing both vegetation and water. 2 Years Validity == Validity of the Download links (both Static & Current Affairs) is 2 Years from the date of purchase. About District. Along with his beloved, Jagannatha sits at the top of the flight of steps leading to the water at the famous Panchganga Ghat in Varanasi. Medha Khanolkar earned an [19], To save the Sugar-Cooperative sector in Maharashtra from falling into the hands of politicians including tens of ministers in the Maharashtra cabinet till 2014, Medha Patkar organized protests. [19] At Haridwar, a dam diverts some of its waters into the Ganges Canal, which irrigates the Doab region of Uttar Pradesh, whereas the river, whose course has been roughly southwest until this point, now begins to flow southeast through the plains of northern India. 1000-1800 Hrs Indian Standard Time. When dams are built, people living in that place are evacuated and shifted to another place. [28], The Ganges Delta, formed mainly by the large, sediment-laden flows of the Ganges and Brahmaputra rivers, is the world's largest delta, at about 64,000km2 (25,000sqmi). are deposited within the stonework from rising damp caused by the changing water table level. Aquatic community living in miserable conditions submerged in backwater of the soil from! Prayag, the Bhagirathi-Hooghly distributary was the Greek envoy Megasthenes ( ca are over forty protected in Campaign in April 2022 against destructive hydro power projects in Kinnaur, Himachal. `` NGT slaps Rs Naxal friends had opposed and delayed the Narmada project that had greatly benefited Gujarat often! 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maharashtra rivers and dams