average rainfall in cambodia

Posted on November 7, 2022 by

April is the hottest month in Phnom Penh with an average temperature of 30.5C (87F) and the coldest is January at 26C (79F) with the most daily sunshine hours at 8 in December. https://doi.org/10.1175/mwr-2846.1, Article J Clim 15:32063221. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40645-018-0192-7, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40645-018-0192-7. Average temperatures range from 24C in the cooler months of October, November & December to 35C at the hottest time of the year from March until June. Balancing on the edges of a rice field with endless views. The temperatures are the same as during the wet season, peaking with daytime highs in the mid-90s in April. 2) were used as a reference for local circulation. Thats true even in the cities; both Phnom Penh and Siem Reap have experienced flooding during the last few rainy seasons, on a small and large scale respectively. By considering the daytime vector balance with the large-scale wind in JRA-55 data (2.3ms1 from the southwest at 1000hPa at the nearest point), the existence of the local atmospheric driving force at about 2.1ms1 blowing from the direction at 12 (northerly with a slight easterly component) is suggested to change the wind direction at the local scale. For those who are sensitive to heat, cool season from November to February is the best time to visit Cambodia, specifically December and January. 9a and matches the timing of the rainfall peak observed in region N. Therefore, we speculate that the evening rainfall in region N would be driven by the low-level wind convergence with the ASM at the onset of the land breeze. Sun & Moon. This should taking in to account while planning visit to Cambodia at winter. In our observation, station C1 located onshore to the western Gulf of Thailand recorded distinctively larger summer monsoon rainfall than other stations in inland Cambodia (Fig. The frequency of rainfall equal to or more than 1.0mmh1 recorded by both rain gauges is 1.7%, whereas that recorded only by type A is 0.77% and only by type B is 0.14% in S4. January is the coolest month of the year. J Meteor Soc Japan Ser. The country has a tropical climate dominated by monsoons, bringing in dry or wet weather. https://doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-14-00147.1, Takahashi HG, Yasunari T (2006) A climatological monsoon break in rainfall over Indochinaa singularity in the seasonal march of the Asian summer monsoon. II 93:548. Part of The 6-year-averaged rainfall at stations in inland Cambodia shows that the rainfall amount from May to September (summer monsoon season) is 877mm on average and varies from 519 to 1350mm. https://doi.org/10.2151/sola.2012-011, Nieuwolt S (1981) The climates of continental Southeast Asia. However, the post-monsoon rainfall amount in region N is even smaller than that in region S, suggesting the importance of the role of the ASM in transporting abundant moisture from the sea as well as the role of the Cardamom Mountains in initiating rainfall. We then set the pre-monsoon season from 1 March to the previous day of the ASM onset, the summer monsoon season from the onset date to the withdrawal date, and the post-monsoon season from the next day of the withdrawal to 30 November. Definition: Average precipitation is the long-term average in depth (over space and time) of annual . (2015) showed that the active and break phases of rainfall in Thailand during the summer monsoon season were brought by the westward propagation of precipitation systems from the western North Pacific. https://doi.org/10.1175/jcli3777.1, Yen M-C, Chen T-C, Hu H-L, Tzeng R-Y, Dinh DT, Nguyen TTT, Wong CJ (2011) Interannual variation of the fall rainfall in Central Vietnam. Cambodia has 2 seasons and a tropical climate with warm temperatures throughout the year.Temperatures remain high in May and June, and the southwest monsoon brings in more humidity and some very sticky days! At stations where both type-A and type-B rain gauges are available, we compared the observed rainfall amounts from both gauges. The Japanese 55-year Reanalysis data (JRA-55) with a horizontal resolution of 1.25 and 37 pressure levels were used to check the synoptic-scale atmospheric fields during the target period. https://doi.org/10.2208/prohe.52.247 In Japanese with English abstract, Tsujimoto K, Koike T (2012) Requisite conditions for post-monsoon rainfall in Cambodia by looking through 2009 rainfall data. Clear regional differences suggest the importance of the effect of local features, especially topography, in the formation and development of rainfall in the pre-monsoon, summer monsoon, and post-monsoon seasons, in addition to the synoptic-scale conditions suggested by many previous studies. The diurnal cycle of rainfall is discussed mainly in terms of the rainfall frequency by defining any hour with rainfall amount equal to or more than 1.0mm as rainy. At each hour of the day, we calculated the percentage of the number of rainy stations against the total number of stations for each region, N, S, M, and C, and calculated its season-averaged value for the pre-monsoon, summer monsoon, and post-monsoon seasons. December Max average t: +30 C (86 F) Min average t: +22 C (71 F) Sundial . By using this website, you agree to our (2016). Time Zone. Orographic lifting as well as atmospheric instability by larger sensible heat from the drier ground is likely the driving mechanism. Partly cloudy. The increased atmospheric instability by sensible heat from the drier ground in this season and also by the low-level intrusion of moist air from the sea contributes to the afternoon rainfall maxima and the abundant rainfall on the coast and over the Cardamom Mountains. https://doi.org/10.2151/jmsj.2015-001, Kuraji K, Punyatrong K, Suzuki M (2001) Altitudinal increase in rainfall in the Mae Chaem watershed. Plant and animal life Although much of Cambodia is heavily forested, the central lowland region is covered with rice paddies, fields of dry crops such as corn (maize) and tobacco, tracts of tall grass and reeds, and thinly wooded areas. Part I: structure and time variation of the clouds and precipitation. Spending a night in the desert is a great adventurous bucket list experience. Hence, the spatio-temporal distribution of rainfall itself over Cambodia has yet to be clarified in detail. This nation-wide website presents information about the weather and climate for almost every country around the world. Cookies policy. During high season, rates in Sihanoukville are higher than during the rest of the year. The gauge-observed spatial distribution of the rainfall in inland Cambodia thus matches the satellite-observed results by Takahashi et al. The possible mechanism for the afternoon rainfall in regions M and S would be the daytime convergence of the southwesterly ASM and the northeasterly lake breeze at the southwestern side of the lake as well as the increased atmospheric instability by sensible heat from the ground. In each bar chart, the rainfall amount from May to September (summer monsoon season) is shown in blue, that from March to April (pre-monsoon season) is in orange, that from October to November (post-monsoon season) is in green, and that in January, February, and December (dry season) is in purple. Standard users can export data in a easy to use web interface or using an excel add-in. thanks in advance. Except for this station, i.e., over inland Cambodia, the station-averaged annual rainfall ranges from 1087 in 2015 to 1528mm in 2011. (2006) suggested separate convection lines for dominant rainfall at the southwestern coast in Cambodia, on the coast at the foothills of the Cardamom Mountains, and on the western slope of the Annam Range. The temperature in Phnom Penh ranges from 21 to 32 C (70 to 90 F). November, December and January are the coolest months of the year in Cambodia. These dates are shown in Table2 for each year from 2011 to 2015. Sort by: Resort ; London 338813: Tenerife 265101: Tokyo . (1981). (2010b) showed that heavy rainfall in the early morning was found around the coasts over the eastern Gulf of Thailand and the Bay of Bengal, comprising nearly half of the total rainfall there. Interannual variations in climate result from the El Nio Southern Oscillation, which influences the nature of the monsoons in the region. Terms and Conditions, (2007) showed the predominance of intra-seasonal variations in rainfall over the Indochina Peninsula during the summer monsoon season. Home / Asia / South-eastern Asia / Cambodia / Siem reap / Averages. 2). J Global Health 2:020304. https://doi.org/10.7189/jogh.02.020304, Tsujimoto K, Koike T (2008) Mechanism of locally-induced convection development and its effects on vapor transportation over Tonle Sap Lake area. The gauge at station S1 was installed on a roof over a private house, since the ground there is completely inundated as a part of the lake during the rainy season. Cambodia national rainfall index was at level of 2,348 mm per year in 2019, unchanged from the previous year. China's Mekong River dams held back large amounts of water during a damaging drought in downstream countries last year despite China having higher-than-average water levels upstream, a U.S. research company said in a study. more information about the climate in Siem Reap (Angkor) in july It allows API clients to download millions of rows of historical data, to query our real-time economic calendar, subscribe to updates and receive quotes for currencies, commodities, stocks and bonds. (Weather station: Phnom-Penh / Pochentong, Cambodia). So remember to bring adapted clothes. 2004). Privacy At two stations (S4 and M3), the type-B rain gauges were installed next to the type-A gauges to check the instrumental difference on the observed rainfall amount. Technical Report of the National Institute for Rural Engineering 206:219236 In Japanese with English abstract, Matsumoto J (1997) Seasonal transition of summer rainy season over Indochina and adjacent monsoon region. Since the rainfall amount is smaller at the northeastern side of the lake where the AWM converges with the daytime lake breeze, the importance of the role of mountains on rainfall is proposed. Figure3 shows the 6-year-averaged monthly mean synoptic-scale atmospheric fields at 1000hPa according to JRA-55 data. The type-C gauge is an A-TK-2 rain gauge manufactured by Takeda Keiki Kogyo Co., Ltd., constituting one component of the AWS that was also installed by the authors. Get notified about our newest bucket list destinations and more! Note that this definition is different from that for the normal gauge observation (h1:00:01 to h:00:00), and here we set the definition to match that of the satellite precipitation product, such as Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation (GSMaP) (Earth Observation Research Center of Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency 2017). This nation-wide website presents information about the weather and climate for almost every country around the world. (2006) regarding the abundant rainfall under the ASM over the Indochina Peninsula, moist air is forced to rise over the mountains and thereby initiate intense convection on the windward side of the orographic lifting. With the unique hydrological characteristics of land in Cambodia, the rainfall pattern would be highly affected by surface heterogeneity, in both time and space, resulting in rainfall characteristics within Cambodia having regional characteristics. 2010a; Satomura et al. More than half of the post-monsoon rainfall occurs at night in region S, and there exist two diurnal peaks of the rainfall amount in the afternoon and at midnight in region M (Fig. There is a way to experience Ubud in a fantastic less crowded way and this article will be your guide how to do that. Parts of this research were supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI Grant Numbers JP25820222 and JP16K06503, and also by the Space Applications for Environment (SAFE) and the Precipitation Measuring Mission (PMM) projects by Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), and by the Data Integration and Analysis System (DIAS) by Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT). Cambodias Golden Age music still rocks the Kingdom. To learn more about 100+ topics that pertain to Cambodia expats, please consider buying the book. Get the monthly weather forecast for Phumi Trakiet, Siem Reab, Cambodia, including daily high/low, historical averages, to help you plan ahead. We suggest you add it to your bucket list and go see for yourself. The geopotential height () at 850hPa and zonal winds (u) at 700hPa (gray line) and 850hPa (black line) as the areal averages over Cambodia (102108E and 1015N) at 7:00 LT (0:00 UTC) from JRA-55 are also shown for each day in the left panels, Same as Fig. 3h). Takahashi et al. Elsevier, Amsterdam, Ohsawa T, Ueda H, Hayashi T, Watanabe A, Matsumoto J (2001) Diurnal variations of convective activity and rainfall in tropical Asia. 5f). Based on his results, the onset date over the southern Indochina Peninsula (around Cambodia) is around 28 April to 8 May, and the withdrawal date is around 31 October to 10 November. Because it has the best weather of the year, cool season is also when mobs of tourists descend on Cambodia. J Geophys Res Atmos 115:D11109. The vertical yellow shades indicate hours with peak rainfall frequency in each season in each region, whereas the horizontal orange broken lines indicate days with prominent rainfall with no diurnal cycle or in different hours. In this observation, the diurnal rainfall peak in the summer monsoon season shifts from region C (at 04:00 LT) to regions M (14:0015:00 LT), S (15:0016:00 LT), and N (18:00 LT), whereas that in the post-monsoon season shifts from regions N and C (15:00 LT) to regions M and S (21:0004:00 LT). The rainfall amount on the coast is distinctively large. Accessed 29 Jun 2017, Nguyen-Thi HA, Matsumoto J, Ngo-Duc T, Endo N (2012) A climatological study of tropical cyclone rainfall in Vietnam. In addition, over region S, the rainfall amount is larger than in other regions in inland Cambodia and most frequent at night when the land breeze and the katabatic wind from the northeastward slope of the Cardamom Mountains converge with the AWM. DEFINITION: Average rainfall is the long-term average in depth (over space and time) of annual precipitation in the country. Based on the summary by Wallace (1975), apart from the abovementioned thermodynamic processes, dynamical processes may also explain the shift of rainfall maxima to other hours of the day, such as the convergence of flow within the planetary boundary layer. In this paper, air humidity is discussed in terms of specific humidity, which is calculated from relative humidity, air temperature, and air pressure. See all locations in Cambodia. The gauge-observed rainfall amount during the summer monsoon season (877mm on average in inland Cambodia) and its spatial distribution coincide with the results by Takahashi et al. The best time to visit Cambodia is during dry season, which runs from October to April. Kumiko Tsujimoto. The locations of the automatic rain gauges from which we gather rainfall data in Cambodia are shown in Table1 and Fig. We also thank Prof. Toshio Koike for valuable comments during the 7-year observation. The effect of landlake and mountainvalley circulations on forming the diurnal rainfall pattern is also implied from ground-observed meteorological data, although further numerical studies are required to examine the detailed mechanisms. Similarly, the withdrawal date was defined in this study as the day when zonal winds at both levels become negative and last for at least 20days. Average daytime temperature. The average precipitation during May is 150 mm (6 in); it rains on 17 days on average this month. For example, over the southern and central Tibetan Plateau, afternoon rainfall is pronounced over mountains, while late evening to early morning rainfall is dominant over valleys and lakes (Fujinami et al. An indicator, developed by FAO, which represents the quality of the crop growing season. Quality-controlled hourly rainfall data from 30 rain gauges are used to quantify the diurnal patterns of rainfall over Cambodia. https://doi.org/10.1256/qj.03.132, Chang C-P, Wang Z, McBride J, Liu C-H (2005) Annual cycle of Southeast Asiamaritime continent rainfall and the asymmetric monsoon transition. https://doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-15-0800.1, Takahashi HG (2013) Orographic low-level clouds of Southeast Asia during the cold surges of the winter monsoon.

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average rainfall in cambodia